2- Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy is a surgical technique of urology that uses small incisions through the skin to insert small instruments and cameras to perform the surgery.
The patient will have smaller skin incisions and thus smaller scars and less pain and will be able to return to work faster after the surgery.
The surgeon will be able to do microscopic dissections respecting the integrity of important structures like nerves that control urinary continence and erection in prostate surgery.
Laparoscopy also enables the surgeon to do partial dissection and for example removing the kidney tumor instead the entire kidney.
3- Endourology
Endourology Most of the urinary tract can be reached via the urethra, enabling prostate surgery, stone removal surgery, surgery of tumors of the urothelium (the lining of the urinary tract including the lining of the bladder), and urethral and ureteral procedures. Transurethral surgery has been the cornerstone of endourology. As opposed to open surgery, endourology is performed using small cameras and instruments inserted into the urinary tract.
